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Soviet filmmaker Leonid Trauberg was a co-founder of the innovative FEX (Factory of the Eccentric Actor) in 1921. Born in Odessa, Ukraine, he started out in 1919 organizing a theater studio there. Along with his longtime collaborator Gregory Kozintsev, Trauberg directed a number of films through the mid-'40s. Afterward, they went their separate ways. Trauberg did not fare as well. In the 1960s, he was appointed the director of the Higher Course in Direction. In the '70s and '80s, Trauberg became a noted author of books about popular culture, operetta, and cinema.