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Two pivotal events would change the course of the Civil War in 1863. General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia traveled to Pennsylvania, hoping to strike a victory deep in the enemy's territory. The battle that ensued, however, owned more to chance than an orderly plan. When Confederate troops came to the town of Gettysburg to look for shoes, they encountered Union forces. The three-day battle culminated in a disastrous Confederate charge under the command of General George E. Pickett, resulting in a stunning defeat for Lee. Lincoln would travel to the battlefield three months later to deliver the Gettysburg Address. Grant, meanwhile, continued his siege of Vicksburg until the 31,000 Southern troops ran low on food and surrendered. This gave the Union control of the entire Mississippi river, cutting off supplies to Confederate troops. While these events offered encouragement to the North, the draft, the Emancipation Proclamation, and the enlisting of black soldiers led to a backlash. This would cumulate in a deadly New York Draft Riot where Irish mobs attacked African-Americans at random, resulting in 100 deaths.